The Integration Policies of Belarus and Ukraine vis-à-vis the EU and Russia

A Comparative Case Study Through the Prism of a Two-Level Game Approach

Alla Leukavets

By Alla Leukavets

Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society

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About the Book

The escalating rivalry between the EU and Russia in their shared neighborhood creates important economic, political, and legal challenges for the lands in between. Belarus and Ukraine have received proposals of integration from both the EU and Russia. However, the extents to which they accepted these offers differ and result from a multitude of factors as well as their interplay affecting the policy choices of their governments. International integration is a foreign policy question, but it has a strong domestic dimension too. Explaining various integration stances demands considering a country’s foreign and internal affairs.

Alla Leukavets applies here Putnam’s two-level game-theoretical approach in combination with findings from comparative neighborhood Europeanization and democracy promotion studies, as well as Levitsky/Way’s linkages-and-leverage-model. She develops various actor-centered and structural explanatory variables and applies them in the subsequent empirical analysis. Her research results benefit from triangulation through primary documents analysis and semi-structured interviews with elites and experts in Minsk, Moscow, Brussels, and Washington, DC. The book analyses how the simultaneity of European and Eurasian integration challenged the two countries to make a major strategic integration choice. The study sheds light on the reasons for and genesis of the Ukraine crisis, and on how external actors, such as the EU, can succeed in facilitating domestic reforms in Eastern Partnership countries.

Author

Alla Leukavets has an interdisciplinary background and holds several postgraduate degrees. After studying law at the Belarusian State Economics University, she pursued a MA in human rights at the University of Manchester. She received her second MA degree in EU international relations from the College of Europe and did a PhD in political science at the Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences. In addition, Leukavets completed several traineeships, inter alia, at the European Parliament in Brussels and the UK Parliament in London. She has published in, among other outlets, Belarus-Analysen and Russian Analytical Digest.

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