Guillaume Apollinaire—Roman by birth, Polish by name (Wilhelm-Apollinaris de Kostrowitski), Parisian by choice—died at thirty-eight, in 1918. He was one of the leading figures in twentieth-century poetry, a transitional figure whose work at once echoes the Symbolists and anticipates the Surrealists. His Calligrammes: Poems of Peace and War (2004) is available in a bilingual edition from California.